Description
Abbreviation: NS
Reference: A: simultaneous determination of O2 flux and mt-membrane potential Β»Versions
- SUIT-category: NS
- SUIT protocol pattern: orthogonal 1GM;2D;3S;4Rot;5Omy;6U;-
This is a protocol to investigate the N- and NS-pathway control state on isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate. The protocol can be applied to cells or tissue types that display a preference for GM over PM to support NADH-linked respiration. Oligomycin (Omy) is used to induce a LEAK state of respiration via the inhibition of the ATP synthase. Since higher concentrations of Omy can decrease the ET-capacity induced upon addition of uncoupler, the required concentration of Omy has to be determined. This is an ideal protocol for simultaneous determination of O2 flux and mitochondrial membrane potential on isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate. SUIT-021 O2 mt D035 is a protocol which can be performed without the fluorescence dye as well.
Communicated by Huete-Ortega M, Komlodi T and Gnaiger E (last update 2019-04-03)
Specific SUIT protocols
SUIT-021 Fluo mt D036
- SUIT-021 Fluo mt D036 simultaneous determination of O2 flux and mt-membrane potential using any fluorescence dye (Safranin, TMRM, etc) on isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate.
SUIT-021 O2 mt D035
- SUIT-021 O2 mt D035 determination of O2 flux on isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate as a control for SUIT-021 Fluo mt D036.
Steps and respiratory states
Step | State | Pathway | Q-junction | Comment - Events (E) and Marks (M) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1GM | GML(n) | N | CI | 1GM
|
2D | GMP | N | CI | 1GM;2D
|
2c | GMcP | N | CI | 1GM;2D;2c
|
3S | GMSP | NS | CI&II | 1GM;2D;2c;3S
|
4Rot | SP | S | CII | 1GM;2D;2c;3S;4Rot
|
5Omy | SL(Omy) | 1GM;2D;2c;3S;4Rot;5Omy
| ||
6U* | SE | S | CII | 1GM;2D;2c;3S;4Rot;5Omy;6U
|
7Ama | ROX | 1GM;2D;2c;3S;4Rot;5Omy;6U;7Ama
|
Step | Respiratory state | Pathway control | ET-Complex | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
## AsTm | AsTmE | CIV | CIV | |
## Azd | CHB |
- Bioblast links: SUIT protocols - >>>>>>> - Click on [Expand] or [Collapse] - >>>>>>>
- Coupling control
- Pathway control
- Β» Electron transfer pathway
- Β» Fatty acid oxidation pathway control state, F
- Β» NADH electron transfer-pathway state, N
- Β» Succinate pathway control state, S
- Β» NS-pathway control state, NS
- Β» Glycerophosphate pathway control state, Gp
- Β» Complex IV single step, CIV
- Β» Anaplerotic pathway control state
- Pathway control
- Main fuel substrates
- Β» Glutamate, G
- Β» Glycerophosphate, Gp
- Β» Malate, M
- Β» Octanoylcarnitine, Oct
- Β» Pyruvate, P
- Β» Succinate, S
- Main fuel substrates
- Glossary
Strengths and limitations
- NS-OXPHOS capacity provides a physiologically relevant estimate of maximum mitochondrial respiratory capacity.
- Comparison of GM- with PM-capacity yields important information on N-pathway respiratory control upstream of CI.
- A succinate concentration of >10 mM may be required for saturating SE capacity.
- + You obtain information in a single protocol about the NS-, S and N- pathway control state.
- + The protocol can be combined with fluorescence dyes to evaluate mitochondrial membrane potential.
- - Many fluorescence dyes (such as Safranin, TMRM etc) can inhibit components of the ET system, most commonly affecting NADH-linked respiration. Therefore, a control run of the protocol should be done in the absence of the fluorescence dye. The following protocols can be used: SUIT-021 O2 mt D035.
- - CIV activity cannot be determined and Cytochrome c test cannot be performed together with the fluorescence dyes.
- - Oligomycin concentration has to be determined. Higher concentrations of Oligomycin may inhibit the ET state.
- - Careful washing is required after the experiment to avoid carry-over of the inhibitors and uncoupler.
Compare SUIT protocols
- SUIT-001;SUIT-001 O2 mt D001for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate: a complex protocol to get information not only about the NS(PGM) in the OXPHOS state, but also in ET state and about the FGp-pathways additionally.
- SUIT-011:it provides information about the NS(GM) pathway in the OXPHOS and ET-states, but without the addtion of Omy.
- SUIT-014: it is similar protocol to SUIT-021 O2 mt D035, but with the addition of P in the OXPHOS state before S. Omy is not added in the protocol.
References
Year | Reference | Organism | Tissue;cell | |
---|---|---|---|---|
MiPNet20.13 Safranin mt-membranepotential | 2019-06-24 | O2k-FluoRespirometry: HRR and simultaneous determination of mt-membrane potential with safranin or TMRM. | Mouse | Nervous system |
Krumschnabel 2014 Methods Enzymol | 2014 | Krumschnabel G, Eigentler A, Fasching M, Gnaiger E (2014) Use of safranin for the assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential by high-resolution respirometry and fluorometry. Methods Enzymol 542:163-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-416618-9.00009-1 | Mouse | Nervous system |
MitoPedia concepts: MiP concept, SUIT protocol, Recommended
MitoPedia methods:
Respirometry,
Fluorometry