Difference between revisions of "Template:Normoxia - state or rate"
From Bioblast
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::::* [[Normoxic]] | ::::* [[Normoxic]] | ||
::::* [[Hyperoxic]] | ::::* [[Hyperoxic]] | ||
::::* [[Hypoxic]] - "Metabolic hypoxia is indicated as a reduced oxygen flux below the critical oxygen pressure and is either fully or partially anaerobic." [ | ::::* [[Hypoxic]] - "Metabolic hypoxia is indicated as a reduced oxygen flux below the critical oxygen pressure and is either fully or partially anaerobic" [1]. This functional or physiological definition of hypoxia is compared to ''environmental'' hypoxia defined as environmental oxygen pressures below the normoxic reference level. "The high efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation at low oxygen emphasizes that even trace amounts of oxygen can make a vital energetic contribution when ATP limitation threatens cellular survival under severe hypoxia encountered at high altitude, in aquatic habitats, and during pathological states of ischemia." [2] | ||
::::* [[Microxic]] - "Microxic regulation .. effectively increases the slope of the flux-pressure relation in the microxic region." [1] | ::::* [[Microxic]] - "Microxic regulation .. effectively increases the slope of the flux-pressure relation in the microxic region." [1] | ||
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::::* [[Aerobic]] - Whereas anaerobic ''metabolism'' may proceed in the absence or presence of oxygen (anoxic or oxic ''conditions''), aerobic ''metabolism'' is restricted to oxic ''conditions''. | ::::* [[Aerobic]] - Whereas anaerobic ''metabolism'' may proceed in the absence or presence of oxygen (anoxic or oxic ''conditions''), aerobic ''metabolism'' is restricted to oxic ''conditions''. | ||
::::* [[Anaerobic]] - "In zoophysiology, 'anaerobic' (without air) is rarely defined in terms of controlled measurements of the actual extent of anaerobic conditions. [1] | ::::* [[Anaerobic]] - "In zoophysiology, 'anaerobic' (without air) is rarely defined in terms of controlled measurements of the actual extent of anaerobic conditions. [1] | ||
::::* [[Anoxic]] - "When strictly ''anoxic'' conditions are not achieved, ''anaerobic'' metabolism proceeds simultaneously with oxygen consumption." [ | ::::* [[Anoxic]] - "When strictly ''anoxic'' conditions are not achieved, ''anaerobic'' metabolism proceeds simultaneously with oxygen consumption." [3] | ||
''' Critical and limiting ''p''<sub>O<sub>2</sub></sub> ''' | ''' Critical and limiting ''p''<sub>O<sub>2</sub></sub> ''' | ||
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::::* [[Limiting oxygen pressure]] | ::::* [[Limiting oxygen pressure]] | ||
''' References ''' | <small>''' References '''</small> | ||
:::# Gnaiger E (1991) Animal energetics at very low oxygen: Information from calorimetry and respirometry. In: Strategies for gas exchange and metabolism. Woakes R, Grieshaber M, Bridges CR (eds), Soc Exp Biol Seminar Series 44, Cambridge Univ Press, London:149-71. - [[Gnaiger 1991 Soc Exp Biol Seminar Series |»Bioblast link«]] | :::# <small>Gnaiger E (1991) Animal energetics at very low oxygen: Information from calorimetry and respirometry. In: Strategies for gas exchange and metabolism. Woakes R, Grieshaber M, Bridges CR (eds), Soc Exp Biol Seminar Series 44, Cambridge Univ Press, London:149-71. - [[Gnaiger 1991 Soc Exp Biol Seminar Series |»Bioblast link«]]</small> | ||
:::# Gnaiger E, Staudigl I (1987) Aerobic metabolism and physiological responses of aquatic oligochaetes to environmental anoxia. Heat dissipation, oxygen consumption, feeding and defecation. Physiol Zool 60:659-77. - [[Gnaiger 1987 Physiol Zool |»Bioblast link«]] | :::# <small>Gnaiger E, Méndez G, Hand SC (2000) High phosphorylation efficiency and depression of uncoupled respiration in mitochondria under hypoxia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:11080-5. - [[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |»Bioblast link«]]</small> | ||
:::# <small>Gnaiger E, Staudigl I (1987) Aerobic metabolism and physiological responses of aquatic oligochaetes to environmental anoxia. Heat dissipation, oxygen consumption, feeding and defecation. Physiol Zool 60:659-77. - [[Gnaiger 1987 Physiol Zool |»Bioblast link«]]</small> | |||
Revision as of 08:31, 6 October 2021
Aerobic and anaerobic from normoxia to anoxia: oxygen availability and metabolic state or rate
Oxygen availability: state
- Normoxic
- Hyperoxic
- Hypoxic - "Metabolic hypoxia is indicated as a reduced oxygen flux below the critical oxygen pressure and is either fully or partially anaerobic" [1]. This functional or physiological definition of hypoxia is compared to environmental hypoxia defined as environmental oxygen pressures below the normoxic reference level. "The high efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation at low oxygen emphasizes that even trace amounts of oxygen can make a vital energetic contribution when ATP limitation threatens cellular survival under severe hypoxia encountered at high altitude, in aquatic habitats, and during pathological states of ischemia." [2]
- Microxic - "Microxic regulation .. effectively increases the slope of the flux-pressure relation in the microxic region." [1]
Metabolism: state or rate
- Aerobic - Whereas anaerobic metabolism may proceed in the absence or presence of oxygen (anoxic or oxic conditions), aerobic metabolism is restricted to oxic conditions.
- Anaerobic - "In zoophysiology, 'anaerobic' (without air) is rarely defined in terms of controlled measurements of the actual extent of anaerobic conditions. [1]
- Anoxic - "When strictly anoxic conditions are not achieved, anaerobic metabolism proceeds simultaneously with oxygen consumption." [3]
Critical and limiting pO2
References
- Gnaiger E (1991) Animal energetics at very low oxygen: Information from calorimetry and respirometry. In: Strategies for gas exchange and metabolism. Woakes R, Grieshaber M, Bridges CR (eds), Soc Exp Biol Seminar Series 44, Cambridge Univ Press, London:149-71. - »Bioblast link«
- Gnaiger E, Méndez G, Hand SC (2000) High phosphorylation efficiency and depression of uncoupled respiration in mitochondria under hypoxia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:11080-5. - »Bioblast link«
- Gnaiger E, Staudigl I (1987) Aerobic metabolism and physiological responses of aquatic oligochaetes to environmental anoxia. Heat dissipation, oxygen consumption, feeding and defecation. Physiol Zool 60:659-77. - »Bioblast link«
