| Term | Abbreviation | Description |
|---|
| Barometric pressure | pb [Pa] | Barometric pressure, pb, is an important variable measured for calibration of oxygen sensors in solutions equilibrated with air. The atm-standard pressure (1 atm = 760 mmHg = 101.325 kPa) has been replaced by the SI standard pressure of 100 kPa. The partial pressure of oxygen, pO2, in air is a function of barometric pressure, which changes with altitude and locally with weather conditions. The partial oxygen pressure declines by 12 % to 14 % per 1,000 m up to 6,000 m altitude, and by 15 % to 17 % per 1,000 m between 6,000 and 9,000 m altitude. The Oroboros Barometric Pressure Transducer is built into the Oroboros O2k as a basis for accurate air calibrations in high-resolution respirometry. For highest-level accuracy of calculation of oxygen pressure, it is recommended to compare at regular intervals the barometric pressure recording provided by the O2k with a calibrated barometric pressure recording at an identical time point and identical altitude. The concept of gas pressure or barometric pressure can be related to the generalized concept of isomorphic pressure. |
| Block temperature | | The block temperature of the Oroboros O2k is the continuously measured temperature of the copper block, housing the two glass chambers of the O2k. The block temperature is recorded by DatLab as one of the O2k system channels. |
| Chamber sV | | Small-volume Chamber sV: 12 mm inner diameter, Duran® glass polished, with standard operation volume V of 0.5 mL. |
| Chamber-Holder | | Chamber-Holder cV (blue POM) for PVDF or PEEK stoppers of the classic-volume 2-mL Oroboros chamber), with O-ring\Viton\18x2 mm and V-ring\30-35-4.5 mm. Two units of this item are standard components mounted on the Oroboros Main Unit. |
| Channel | F7 | » See O2k signals and output |
| Cover-Slip\black | | A Cover-Slip should be placed on top of the Oroboros Stopper to minimize contamination and evaporation of liquid extruding from the capillary of the stopper. The Cover-Slips do not exert any direct effect on oxygen backdiffusion into the Oroboros chamber. Use the the Cover-Slip\black to avoid light penetration and disturbance of fluorescence signals and generally for optical measurements in the Oroboros. |
| DatLab | | DatLab is the O2k-Software for Data Acquisition & Analysis, specifically developed for high-resolution respirometry with the O2k.
The newest DatLab version is DatLab 8, included in the O2k-Packages. NextGen-O2k and O2k-Series J* and higher come with DatLab 8 installed on the integrated PC (Linux). DatLab 8 is required for the NextGen-O2k. DatLab 8.2 is compatible with O2k-Series (E and higher). |
| Electrolyte\Reference-Electrode | | Electrolyte\Reference-Electrode for Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm |
| Filter Set AmR | | Filter Set AmR: Set of filters for the determination of H2O2 production with Amplex UltraRed. These filters should be used together with Fluorescence-Sensor Green. The filter set consists of 6 LED filters (round) and 6 photodiode filters (rectangular). |
| Filter Set MgG / CaG | | Filter set MgG / CaG: Set of filters for the determination of concentraions of Mg2+ or Ca2+ with the fluorophores Magnesium green and Calcium green, respectively. These filters should be used together with Fluorescence-Sensor Blue or Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue. The filter set consists of 6 LED filters (round) and 6 photodiode filters (rectangular). |
| Filter Set Saf | | Filter set Saf: Set of filters for the (qualitative) determination of mitochondrial membrane potential with Safranin. These filters should be used together with Fluorescence-Sensor Blue or Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue. The filter set consists of 6 LED filters (round) and 6 photodiode filters (rectangular). |
| Filter-Cap | | Filter-Cap: O2k-Fluo LED2-Module (O2k-Series D to G) sensors (Fluorescence-Sensor Green and Fluorescence-Sensor Blue) and O2k-FluoRespirometer (O2k-Series H to I) sensors (Smart Fluo-Sensor Green and Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue) are equipped with a removable Filter-Cap for exchange of optical filters for the optical pathways from the LED to the sample and from the sample to the photodiode. |
| Fluorescence-Control Unit | | Fluorescence-Control Unit with O2k-Front Fixation, Current-Control (O2k-Chamber A and B) for regulation of light intensity of the LED in the fluorescence sensors. This item is a standard component of the O2k-Fluorescence LED2-Module. |
| Fluorescence-Sensor Blue | | Fluorescence-Sensor Blue: excitation LED 465 nm (dominant wavelength), photodiode, Filter-Cap equipped with Filter Set Saf for measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential with Safranin when delivered. The filter set Filter Set MgG / CaG for Magnesium green® / Calcium green® measurements is included. |
| Fluorescence-Sensor Green | | Fluorescence-Sensor Green: excitation LED 525 nm (dominant wavelength), photodiode, Filter-Cap equipped with Filter Set AmR for Amplex UltraRed measurements when delivered. |
| Fluorometry | | Fluorometry (or fluorimetry) is the general term given to the method of measuring the fluorescent emission of a substance following excitation by light at a shorter wavelength. |
| Forceps for membrane application | | Forceps for membrane application: for OroboPOS and ISE membrane application; do not use for tissue preparation. |
| Forceps\stainless Steel\angular Tip\fine | | Forceps\stainless Steel\angular Tip\fine: for tissue preparation, stainless steel. Two pairs are used particularly for muscle fiber separation. |
| Forceps\stainless Steel\rounded Tip\sharp | | Forceps\stainless Steel\rounded Tip\sharp: for tissue preparation, stainless steel, antimagnetic. One pair is recommended for placing the tissue sample onto the microbalance and for handling in combination with Forceps\stainless Steel\straight Tip\sharp. |
| Forceps\stainless Steel\straight Tip\sharp | | Forceps\stainless Steel\straight Tip\sharp: for tissue preparation, stainless steel, antimagnetic. One pair is recommended for insertion of the sample into the Oroboros chamber and for handling in combination with Forceps\stainless Steel\rounded Tip\sharp. |
| Gain | | The gain is an amplification factor applied to an input signal to increase the output signal. |
| High signal at zero oxygen | | A high signal at zero oxygen may be observed during zero calibration (R0). First, check the quality of the dithionite solution. The following instructions show how to distinguish between a defective sensor head and an electrical leak current. |
| High-resolution respirometry | HRR | High-resolution respirometry, HRR, is the state-of-the-art approach in mitochondria and cell research to measure respiration in various types of mitochondrial preparations and living cells with the Oroboros Bioenergetics Analyzer combined with MultiSensor modules.
Mitochondrial function and dysfunction have gained increasing interest, reflecting growing awareness of the fact that mitochondria play a pivotal role in human health and disease. HRR combines instrumental accuracy and reliability with the versatility of applicable protocols, allowing practically unlimited addition and combination of substrates, inhibitors, and uncouplers using the Oroboros. Substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor titration (SUIT) protocols allow the interrogation of numerous mitochondrial pathway and coupling states in a single respirometric assay. Mitochondrial respiratory pathways may be analyzed in detail to evaluate even minor alterations in respiratory coupling and pathway control patterns.
The Oroboros provides sole source instruments, with no other available instrument meeting its specifications for high-resolution respirometry. Technologically, HRR is based on the Oroboros Bioenergetics Analyzer, combining optimized chamber design, application of oxygen-tight materials, electrochemical sensors, Peltier-temperature control, and specially developed software features (DatLab) to obtain the unique sensitive and quantitative resolution of oxygen concentration and oxygen flux, with both, a closed-chamber or open-chamber mode of operation (TIP2k). Standardized calibration of the polarographic oxygen sensor (static sensor calibration), calibration of the sensor response time (dynamic sensor calibration), and evaluation of instrumental background oxygen flux (systemic flux compensation) provide the experimental basis for high accuracy of quantitative results and quality control in HRR. HRR can be extended for MultiSensor analysis by using the O2k-Fluo Smart-Module. Smart Fluo-Sensors are integrated into the Oroboros to measure simultaneously fluorometric signals using specific fluorophores. Potentiometric modules are available with ion-selective electrodes (pH, TPP+). The PB-Module extends HRR to PhotoBiology with accurate control of the light intensity and measurement of photosynthesis. The O2k and the NextGen-O2k support all these Oroboros Modules. The NextGen-O2k all-in-one, however, is unique in supporting Q-Redox and NADH-Redox Modules. |
| Hydrogenion flux | JH+ | Volume-specific hydrogenion flux or H+ flux is measured in a closed system as the time derivative of H+ concentration, expressed in units [pmol·s-1·mL-1]. H+ flux can be measured in an open system at steady state, when any acidification of the medium is compensated by external supply of an equivalent amount of base. The extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) is the change of pH in the incubation medium over time, which is zero at steady state. Volume-specific H+ flux is comparable to volume-specific oxygen flux [pmol·s-1·mL-1], which is the (negative) time derivative of oxygen concentration measured in a closed system, corrected for instrumental and chemical background.
pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion activity. Therefore, ECAR is of interest in relation to acidification issues in the incubation buffer or culture medium. The physiologically relevant metabolic H+ flux, however, must not be confused with ECAR. |
| ISE Package 1 TPP or Ca | | O2k-TPP+ and Ca2+ ISE\1 Chamber: ISE-Package for 1 TPP+ and Ca2+ electrode. |
| ISE-Ca2+ Membranes | | ISE-Ca2+ Membranes: PVC, 4 mm diameter, box of 5 membranes.
To be used with the O2k-TPP+ ISE-Module. |
| ISE-Compressible Tube | | ISE-Compressible Tube for Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+. |
| ISE-Filling Syringe | | ISE-Filling Syringe with needle for Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+. |
| ISE-Inner Glass Electrode | | ISE-Inner Glass Electrode of ISE, with Ag/AgCl- and Pt-wire |
| ISE-Membrane Mounting Tool | | ISE-Membrane Mounting Tool for Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+.
O2k-TPP+ ISE-Module: mounting tool included. |
| ISE-Membrane Seal | | ISE-Membrane Seal for Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+. |
| ISE-TPP+ Membranes | | ISE-TPP+ Membranes, PVC, 4 mm diameter, box of 5 membranes. |
| ISS-Filter and Tubing | | ISS-Filter and Tubing, ISS-Integrated Suction System. |
| ISS-Lid | | ISS-Lid, for ISS-Waste Bottle, component of the ISS-Integrated Suction System. |
| ISS-Waste Bottle | | ISS-Waste Bottle, 2-liter, component of the ISS-Integrated Suction System. |
| Inside the O2k | | A glance inside the Oroboros O2k |
| Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+ | | Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+: ISE with 6 mm outer diameter shaft, for Stopper\white PVDF\angular Shaft\side+6.2+2.6 mm Port.
O2k-TPP+ ISE-Module: 2 ISE. |
| Light-emitting diode | LED | A light-emitting diode (LED) is a light source (semiconductor), used in many every-day applications and specifically in fluorometry. LEDs are available for specific spectral ranges across wavelengths in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range. |
| Microbalance-Transport Case | | Microbalance transport case, not suitable for shipping |
| Microsyringe\10 mm3 51/0.13 mm | | Hamilton Microsyringe\10 mm3 51/0.13 mm for manual titrations, 10 mm3 volume; fixed injection needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.13 mm inner diameter. |
| Microsyringe\100 mm3 51/0.41 mm | | Hamilton Microsyringe\100 mm3 51/0.41 mm for manual titrations, 100 mm3 volume; fixed needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.41 mm inner diameter. It is recommended for injections of suspensions of isolated mitochondria. |
| Microsyringe\200 mm3\TIP2k | | Microsyringe\200 mm3\TIP2k: Microinjection syringe for Titration-Injection microPump, 200 mm3 (µl), fixed injection needle with rounded tip, with spacers. |
| Microsyringe\25 mm3 51/0.15 mm | | Hamilton Microsyringe\25 mm3 51/0.15 mm for manual titrations, 25 mm3 volume; fixed needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.15 mm inner diameter. |
| Microsyringe\50 mm3 51/0.15 mm | | Hamilton Microsyringe\50 mm3 51/0.15 mm for manual titrations, 50 mm3 volume; fixed needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.15 mm inner diameter. |
| Microsyringe\500 mm3\TIP2k | | Microsyringe\500 mm3\TIP2k: Microinjection syringe for Titration-Injection microPump, 500 mm3 (µl), fixed injection needle with rounded tip, with spacers. |
| MultiSensor-Connector | |
MultiSensor-Connector: for separate reference electrode and ISE; only for O2k-Series B and Series C with MultiSensor electronic upgrading before 2011. |
| MultiSensor-Preamplifier 1/100 | |
MultiSensor-Preamplifier 1/100: Required only for O2k-Series A-C, for application of NO (or other amperometric) sensors (single chamber mode of application). |
| NADH-Module | | The NADH-Module, is a component of the NextGen-O2k for simultaneous measurement of oxygen consumption and NAD(P)H autofluorescence. NAD(P)H autofluorescence is used to evaluate the redox state of the NAD(P)H-pool. The NADH-Module incorporates an UV light and NADH-Sensors which include a photodiode and specific filters. |
| NADH-Sensor | | The NADH-Sensor has been developed as a part of the NADH-Module for simultaneous monitoring of oxygen consumption and NADH redox state. The NADH-Sensor is composed of a photodiode and equipped with three supergel R370 Italian blue filters (Rosco, US). |
| O-ring sV\Viton\9.5x1 mm | | O-ring sV\Viton\9.5x1 mm, for PEEK Stopper sV, 2 are mounted on each PEEK Stopper sV, box of 8 as spares. |
| O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm | | O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm, for PVDF or PEEK O2k-Stoppers (2-mL O2k-Chamber), box of 8 as spares. |
| O-ring\Viton\16x2 mm | | O-ring\Viton\16x2 mm, mounted on the O2k-Chamber Holder sV. |
| O-ring\Viton\18x2 mm | |
O-ring\Viton\18x2 mm, mounted on the O2k-Chamber Holder. |
| O-ring\Viton\6x1 mm | | O-ring\Viton\6x1 mm for POS-Mounting Tool. |
| O-ring\Viton\8x1 mm | | O-ring\Viton\8x1 mm: for OroboPOS sensor head. Replaces the
O-ring\Viton\9x1 mm |
| O2-Zero Powder | | O2-Zero Powder, dithionite (Na2S2O4), for zero-oxygen calibration of the OroboPOS. |
| O2k | O2k | The Oroboros O2k is one of the models of the Oroboros Bioenergetics Platform, the modular system for high-resolution respirometry and precision OXPHOS analysis. The O2k is distinguished from the NextGen-O2k. |
| O2k repair | | Oroboros repair of defective hardware may require replacement of spare parts. Some electronic or mechanical defects may be solved only by repair of the Oroboros in the electronics workshop of Oroboros Instruments, e.g., a defective Peltier unit (temperature control). |
| O2k series | | The O2k series is specified as the capital letter in the O2k serial number of the Oroboros O2k. A serial number G-#### or H-#### denotes an Oxygraph from the G or H series, while XA-### denotes a NextGen-O2k from the A series. With DatLab running real-time connected to the O2k, the serial number of the currently connected O2k is displayed: (1) in the right corner of the status line, besides the DatLab version number (bottom), and (2) in windows O2k control [F7] and O2k configuration. |
| O2k signals and output | | Three electronic channel types are available in the Oroboros MultiSensor system. All channels are available twofold (dual-data), for chambers A (left) and B (right), based on numerical signals sent at a fixed data sampling time interval (default: 2 s; range 0.2 s to >10 s). |
| O2k-Amperometric OroboPOS Twin-Channel | | Amperometric OroboPOS Twin-Channel: Two-channel variable polarization voltage; current/voltage converter for the polarographic oxygen sensor (POS); amplifyer with digital gain settings (1x, 2x, 4x, 8x); A/D converter; output in the range -10 V to 10 V. Integral component of the Oroboros Main Unit. |
| O2k-Electromagnetic Stirrer Twin-Control | | Electromagnetic Stirrer Twin-Control for smooth rotation of the stirrer bars in the two Oroboros chambers; with slow-start function to prevent decoupling of the stirrer bar; regulated stirrer speed in the range of 100 to 800 rpm (decoupling may occur at higher stirrer speeds), independent for the two Oroboros chambers; automatic events sent to DatLab when the stirrer is switched on/off or when the rotation seed is changed by the experimenter. Integral component of the Oroboros Main Unit. |
| O2k-Fluo LED2-Module | | The O2k-Fluo LED2-Module is a component of the Oroboros FluoRespirometer (O2k-Series D to G). It is an amperometric add-on module to O2k-Series D to G, adding a new dimension to high-resolution respirometry. Optical sensors are inserted through the front window of the Oroboros glass chambers, for measurement of hydrogen peroxide production (Amplex® UltraRed), ATP production (Magnesium Green™), mt-membrane potential (Safranin, TMRM, Rhodamine 123), Ca2+ (Calcium Green™), and numerous other applications open for Oroboros user innovation. |
| O2k-Fluo Smart-Module | | The Oroboros Fluo Smart-Module is an amperometric add-on module to the Oroboros, adding a new dimension to high-resolution respirometry. Optical sensors are inserted through the front window of the Oroboros glass chambers, for measurement of hydrogen peroxide production (Amplex® UltraRed), ATP production (Magnesium Green™), mt-membrane potential (Safranin, TMRM), Ca2+ (Calcium Green™), and numerous other applications open for Oroboros user innovation.
- » MiPNet28.09 O2k-Fluo Smart-Module manual
|
| O2k-Main Power Cable | | O2k-Main Power Cable, for connecting the main unit to the power supply. |
| O2k-Main Power Cable\120 V\US-CA | | O2k-Main Power Cable\120 V\US-CA, USA and Canada (120 V). |
| O2k-Main Power Cable\230 V\AU-NZ | | O2k-Main Power Cable\AU-NZ, Australia and New Zealand (230 V). |
| O2k-Main Power Cable\230 V\Europe | | O2k-Main Power Cable\230 V\Europe. |
| O2k-NO Amp-Module | | O2k-NO Amp-Module: NO-sensor compatability pack an amperometric add-on for O2k-MultiSensor application The NO sensor is not included. |
| O2k-Peltier Temperature Control | | Oroboros Peltier Temperature Control: Built-in electronic thermostat controlling temperature for two Oroboros chambers in the range of 4 to 47 °C; ±0.002 °C (at room temperature). Continuous recording of the Oroboros Copper Block temperature with DatLab. Temperature change from 20 to 30 °C within 15 min; cooling from 30 to 20 °C within 20 min. Integral component of the Oroboros Main Unit. The electronic temperature control of the Oroboros replaced the conventional water jacket. |
| O2k-TPP+ ISE-Module | | Oroboros TPP+ ISE-Module: Potentiometric ion-selective electrodes for measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential |
| O2k-USB Flash Drive | | The O2k-USB Flash Drive is a component of the Oroboros O2k containing: DatLab, O2k-Manual, O2k-Protocols, O2k-Publications, and info on O2k-Workshops. |
| O2k-Window Frame | |
For O2k-Series D - G: O2k-Window Frame: blue POM, with thread for fixation on the Oroboros Main Unit, to be removed only for rare cleaning purposes and for front fixation of the Fluorescence-Control Unit, using the O2k-Window Tool. |
| O2k-pH ISE-Module | | Oroboros pH ISE-Module: two pH electrodes and reference electrodes and accessories |
| OroboPOS | |
The OroboPOS is a polarographic oxygen sensor (POS), with an amperometric mode of operation. The OroboPOS meets the highest quality criteria in terms of linearity, stability and sensitivity of the signal. The Clark type polarographic oxygen sensor (POS) remains the gold standard for measuring dissolved oxygen in biomedical, environmental and industrial applications over a wide dynamic oxygen range.
It consists of a gold cathode, a silver/silverchloride anode and a KCl electrolyte reservoir separated from the sample by a 25 µm membrane (FEP). The main body of the OroboPOS is made of PEEK. With application of a polarization voltage (0.8 V), a current is obtained as an amperometric signal, which is converted to a voltage. |
| OroboPOS-Connector | | OroboPOS-Connector (blue POM), with male connection to OroboPOS head (POS) and with cable and male plug fitting into Oroboros Main Unit. |
| OroboPOS-Connector Service | | The OroboPOS-Connector Service entails routine maintenance and any necessary repairs of the OroboPOS-Connector in the Oroboros electronics workshop (WGT). |
| Oroboros | |
The Oroboros is the Bioenergetics Platform for high-resolution respirometry (HRR) for mitochondria and cell research, unique for precision OXPHOS analysis.
The Oroboros is available as two models:
- Oroboros O2k
- Oroboros NextGen-O2k
Both Oroboros models provide the basis for HRR applications combined with measurement of ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP production, Ca2+, pH, and PhotoBiology.
The modular Oroboros concept is supported by DatLab, with high flexibility for add-on Modules. All Oroboros Modules are supported by the NextGen-O2k, which is the only model supporting the Redox Modules (Q-Module and NADH-Module), and the NO-Module.
The Oroboros allows bioenergetic analysis at controlled oxygen levels. Small amounts of biological samples can be used for bioenergetic and OXPHOS analysis, ranging from isolated mitochondria, permeabilized tissues and permeabilized cells, to living cells and tissues slices.
The globally tested and trusted high-resolution Oroboros prioritizes both quality and scientific research output in the field of mitochondrial physiology and pathology, extended to PhotoBiology. The Oroboros is a robust sole-source instrument with a long life time and low running costs. Expert service is provided by the Oroboros Open Support. |
| Oroboros Assembly Kit | | The Oroboros Assembly Kit is a component of the Oroboros O2k, consisting of 2 PVDF Stirrer-Bars, 2 PEEK Oroboros Stoppers, OroboPOS-Connectors for O2k-Series A-I and NextGen-O2k series XA (attached to the Oroboros Main Unit) and cables (power supply, USB-connection). Several components of the Oroboros Assembly Kit are included in the Oroboros Accessory Box either for shipment or for storage. |
| Oroboros Barometric Pressure Transducer | | Oroboros Barometric Pressure Transducer, A/D converter and digital output to DatLab for continuous recording of barometric pressure [kPa or mmHg], integrated into the air calibration of the POS (MiPNet06.03 POS-calibration-SOP). Integral component of the Oroboros Main Unit. The warranty on the accuracy of the signal obtained from the Oroboros Barometric Pressure Transducer expires within three years. |
| Oroboros Chamber | |
Oroboros Chamber: Duran® glass polished, with experimental volumes (V) of 2.0 mL (classic volume cV, 16 mm inner diameter) or 0.5 mL (small volume sV, Oroboros sV-Module, 12 mm inner diameter). The optical properties of Duran® allow application of fluorometric sensors (Duran® optical properties). |
| Oroboros Chamber-Holder sV | | Oroboros Chamber-Holder sV (black POM) for PVDF or PEEK stoppers (0.5-mL small-volume Oroboros chamber), with O-ring\Viton\16x2 mm and V-ring\30-35-4.5 mm. |
| Oroboros FluoRespirometer | | The Oroboros FluoRespirometer - the Bioenergetics Platform for high-resolution respirometry (HRR) and fluorometry, allows simultaneous monitoring of oxygen consumption together with either ROS production (AmR), mt-membrane potential (TMRM, Safranin and Rhodamine 123), Ca2+ (CaG) or ATP production (MgG).
The Oroboros FluoRespirometer supports the add-on modules: TPP+ ISE-Module, pH ISE-Module, enabling measurement of mt-membrane potential with ion sensitive electrodes (ISE for TPP+ or TPMP+) or pH. |
| Oroboros Main Unit | | The Oroboros Main Unit is a component of the Oroboros O2k or the NextGen-O2k (» more information). The Oroboros Main Unit consists of functionally defined, integral elements, the (Oroboros Main Unit, Oroboros Peltier Temperature Control, two O2k-Electromagnetic Stirrer Twin-Control units, two O2k-Amperometric OroboPOS Twin-Channels, Oroboros Barometric Pressure Transducer), which cannot be obtained separately. |
| Oroboros specifications | | Oroboros versus multiwell respirometer: The Oroboros Bioenergetics Platform for high-resolution respirometry, either the Oroboros O2k or NextGen-O2k meets powerful quality criteria securing high output and pioneering state-of-the-art precision OXPHOS analysis of substrate control and coupling control of mitochondrial function. 'High throughput' stands for disposable multiwell systems - expensive, with limited scope and extremely high running costs. In respirometry, high throughput is not equivalent to high output. If you’re using a biased instrument, it doesn’t matter how many measurements you take – you’re aiming at the wrong target (Silver 2012 Penguin Press). |
| Oroboros-sV-Module | O2k-sV-Module |
The Oroboros-sV-Module is the Oroboros small-volume module, comprised of two Duran® glass chambers of 12 mm inner diameter specifically developed to perform high-resolution respirometry with reduced quantities of biological sample. It is a standard component of the Oroboros packages. |
| Oxygen sensor test | POS test | The O2 sensor test is an important component of Oroboros Quality Management. The OroboPOS test is described in detail in MiPNet06.03 POS-calibration-SOP, is performed after switching on the Oroboros, and is required as a basis of technical service of the instrument. |
| PB Light Source | | The PhotoBiology Light Source (PBLS) has been designed as a part of the PB-Module to provide with an external source of light. This enables experiments for evaluating the production of O2 in the presence of light. The PBLS consists of one LED and one photodiode mounted on the PBLS head protected by a PMMA plastic cover. Three pairs of PBLS (white, blue, and red) are provided with the PB-Module. The light intensity can be regulated from 0 to 2750 µmol·s-1·m-2 (red PBLS), from 0 to 3000 µmol·s-1·m-2 (blue PBLS), from 0 to 3500 µmol·s-1·m-2 (white PBLS). An integrated photodiode provides real-time measurement of the light intensity allowing for continuous adjustment to the desired value. |
| PB-Module | | The PB-Module has been developed for conducting measurements of PhotoBiology, including photosynthesis. It consists of the PB Light Source and electronic components which are an integral part of the NextGen-O2k. Measurements are recorded and evaluated with the DatLab 8 software. |
| PBI-Shredder SG3 | | PBI-Shredder SG3 for tissue homogenate preparation, heavy duty high torque SG3 driver with convertible handle, SG3 base with 3 position force setting lever (FSL), battery charger and two lithium ion batteries. The PBI-Shredder SG3 is included in the PBI-Shredder O2k-Set. Select 230 V or 120 V.
Oroboros Instruments: world-wide distributor. |
| PC requirements | | The PC requirements for controlling an O2k and data recording with DatLab are found here. |
| PH-Glass electrode | | pH-Glass electrode with BNC plug. |
| POS-Electrolyte Powder | | POS-Electrolyte Powder, KCl.
The powder is dissolved in 10 ml distilled water to yield a 1 M KCl solution. |
| POS-Holder | | The POS-Holder, made from blue POM, is screwed into the copper block of the Oroboros Main Unit, guiding the POS to the 2-mL Oroboros chamber, and keeping the SmartPOS/OroboPOS-Connector in a fixed position for sealing the Oroboros chamber with the POS-Seal Tip. In addition, the POS-Holder fixes the Oroboros chamber in an accurate rotational position by pressing against the angular cut of the glass chamber.
Two units of this item are standard components mounted on the Oroboros Main Unit. |
| POS-Holder sV | |
POS-Holder sV, made from black POM, to be screwed into the copper block of the Oroboros Main Unit, guiding the POS to the sV Oroboros Chamber, and keeping the SmartPOS/OroboPOS-Connector in a fixed position for sealing the Oroboros chamber with the POS-Seal Tip. In addition, the POS-Holder fixes the Oroboros Chamber in an accurate rotational position by pressing against the angular cut of the glass chamber. |
| POS-Membrane Ring | | POS-Membrane Ring, PEEK, holds the membrane against the inner O-ring on the POS housing. |
| POS-Membranes | FEP-membranes | POS-Membranes, FEP 25 µm; 40/Pck. |
| POS-Mounting Tool | | POS-Mounting Tool for application of POS-Membranes. It consists of two parts, (i) the membrane guide (larger diameter) and (ii) the membrane ring holder with O-ring\Viton\6x1 mm for holding the POS-Membrane Ring during membrane application. Since the O2k-Series G-0075 membrane ring holder have a 2 mm extended ridge for a better grip. |
| POS-Seal Tip | | POS-Seal Tip, black butyl rubber gasket with 3 mm pore. 4/Pck, for sealing the POS (sensor head) against the Oroboros chamber. Push the wetted POS-Seal Tip over the POS-sensor head, with the pore positioned centrally, not covering any peripheral area of the gold cathode. Do not stretch the gasket across the POS-sensor head. |
| Pipette\Plastic\1 ml ungraded | | Pipette\Plastic\1 mL ungraded, for filling electrolyte into the reservoir of the OroboPOS. |
| Plunger\10 mm3 | | Plunger\10 mm3 for Microsyringe\10 mm3 51/0.13 mm, spare. |
| Polarization voltage | U | A polarization voltage of 600 mV to 800 mV is applied between anode and cathode of the polarographic oxygen sensor, resulting in a current when oxygen is consumed. The current is converted by the electronics to a voltage (raw signal) which must not be confused with the polarization voltage. |
| Polarographic oxygen sensor | POS | Polarographic oxygen sensors (POS) are operated with a polarization voltage between the cathode and anode, connected by an electrolyte. Cathode, anode and electrolyte are separated from the analyte by an oxygen-permeable membrane. Oxygen is reduced at the cathode such that the local oxygen concentration is maintained at zero, and diffuses along the concentration gradient from the stirred medium to the cathode, resulting in a linear calibration between oxygen partial pressure and electric current [Amp] (amperometric mode of operation). The OroboPOS is the POS applied in the Oroboros O2k. |
| Polishing Cloth | | Polishing Cloth for cathode cleaning. Replace the Polishing Cloth at intervals. A two-year interval may be considered in cases of intensive use. |
| Polishing Powder | | Polishing Powder 0.3 µm and Polishing Powder 0.05 µm for cathode cleaning of OroboPOS and Q-sensors. |
| Potentiometry | | Potentiometry is the general term given to the method of measuring the electric potential difference between two electrodes connected by an electrolytic solution. The potential of the reference electrode is constant. The other electrode is called the indicator electrode. If this is an ion-selective electrode which is in equilibrium with the solution, the measured electric potential difference is proportional to the (negative) logarithm of the activity of a specific ion in the solution. Examples are the pH glass electrode for measurement of pH, and the TPP+ electrode for measurement of pTPP and calculation of mt-membrane potential. |
| Power O2k Numbers | | Power O2k Numbers: Single number to label the O2k in a Power O2k-Lab. |
| Power O2k-FluoRespirometer | | Power O2k-FluoRespirometer - optional configuration as additional system for increasing output combined with the O2k-FluoRespirometer (O2k-Series H). The Power O2k-FluoRespirometer includes the TIP2k and the O2k-sV-Module, and supports all add-on O2k-Modules of the Oroboros O2k. It can be added to an existing Oroboros O2k of any O2k-Series. This application does not require an additional ISS-Integrated Suction System and O2k-Titration Set. Furthermore, the OroboPOS-Mounting Tool of the OroboPOS Service Tools can be used from the available O2k and is not included. |
| Power O2k-Respirometer | | The Power O2k-Respirometer is an economical option for using additional O2k-Units to increase output in high-resolution respirometry. |
| Q-Module | Q-Module | The Q-Module, developed for measuring the Q redox state and cyclic voltammetry, is supported by the NextGen-O2k and consists of the Q-Sensor, integrated electronic components in the O2k, and the DatLab software. |
| Q-Sensor | | The Q-Sensor has been designed as a part of the Q-Module for measurements with cyclic voltammetry and voltammetry, allowing for analysis of the Q redox state. The Q-Stopper with the reference electrode is called Q-Sensor, which is plugged in the NextGen-O2k. A three-electrode system is used to detect the Q redox state. Two of the three electrodes (glassy carbon and platinum electrode) are built into the Q-Stopper, while the reference electrode is removable (Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm). |
| Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm | | Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm: 2.4 mm diameter glass shaft, for ISE. |
| Replacement-Barrel | | Replacement-Barrel for Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm, 2.4 mm diameter glass. |
| Scissors\stainless steel\straight Tip\sharp | | Scissors\stainless steel\straight Tip\sharp. |
| Screwdriver allen wrench | | Screwdriver allen wrench, a standard component of the O2k-FluoRespirometer and O2k-sV-Module. |
| Search for defective O2k components | | The 2-chamber design of the O2k helps to search for defective O2k components, by switching components linked to O2k chambers A and B between sides A and B. |
| Shipping an Oroboros | | For shipping an Oroboros or parts, standard operating procedures have to be followed to avoid damage of the instrument and unexpected delays. The Oroboros Main Unit must be shipped only in Packing\Oroboros Box 1, without Oroboros Chambers and without OroboPOS. Two Chamber-Holders, two POS-Holders, and two POS-Connectors are attached to the Oroboros Main Unit for transport. |
| Shredder-Tubes | | Shredder-Tubes: consisting of Shredder Tube FT500-PS with Lysis Disk, serrated Shredder-Tube Ram Tool and Shredder-Tube Cap Tool, coral colour (Box of 100) and Shredder Tube FT500-PMS with Lysis Disk, serrated Shredder-Tube Ram Tool and Shredder-Tube Cap Tool, coral colour (Box of 100). There is no difference between the white and the coral shredder tubes, except that the white tubes are also approved for high pressure. |
| Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue | | Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue: Excitation LED 465 nm (dominant wavelenght) with short pass filter, emission (red) with long pass filter, individual sensors are calibrated with sensor-specific memory and direct input into DatLab 7 to obtain reproducible light intensities with different sensors, including photodiode, Filter-Cap equipped with Filter Set Saf for measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential with safranin and rhodamine 123. Filter Set MgG / CaG for Magnesium green and Calcium green measurements are included. |
| Smart Fluo-Sensor Green | | Smart Fluo-Sensor Green: Excitation LED 525 nm (dominant wavelength) with short pass filter, emission (red) with long pass filter, individual sensors are calibrated with sensor-specific memory and direct input into DatLab 7 to obtain reproducible light intensities with different sensors, including photodiode, Filter-Cap equipped with Filter Set AmR for Amplex UltraRed and TMRM measurements when delivered. |
| SmartPOS | |
The SmartPOS is a polarographic oxygen sensor (POS), for O2k-Series J and XB onward, with an amperometric mode of operation. The SmartPOS combines the previous OroboPOS and OroboPOS-Connector and is automatically recognized by the software DatLab 8. Combination of the previously separated components in one piece, protects the electrical connections. The SmartPOS is, like the OroboPOS, a Clark type polarographic oxygen sensor (POS), which remains the gold standard for measuring dissolved oxygen in biomedical, environmental and industrial applications over a wide dynamic oxygen range. The SmartPOS meets the highest quality criteria in terms of linearity, stability and sensitivity of the signal.
The sensor consists of a gold cathode, a silver/silverchloride anode and a KCl electrolyte reservoir separated from the sample by a 25 µm membrane (FEP). With application of a polarization voltage (0.8 V), a current is obtained as an amperometric signal. |
| Startup O2k-Respirometer | | Startup Oroboros O2k - the experimental system complete for basic high-resolution respirometry (HRR). The O2k includes the Oroboros Main Unit with stainless steel housing, Oroboros Assembly Kit, two OroboPOS (polarographic oxygen sensors) and OroboPOS-Service Kit, DatLab software, the ISS-Integrated Suction System, the O2k-Titration Set, and for performing high-resolution respirometry with reduced amounts of biological sample the O2k-sV-Module.
The Oroboros is a sole source apparatus with no other instruments meeting its specifications. |
| Stirrer-Bar sV\white PVDF\11.5x6.2 mm | | Stirrer-Bar sV\white PVDF\11.5x6.2 mm, operated in the 0.5-mL Oroboros Chamber at constant stirring speed (standard is 750 rpm, or 12.5 Hz), to provide optimum mixing of the sample in the aqueous medium and ensure a stable signal of the polarographic oxygen sensor (OroboPOS) placed in a position of maximum current of the medium. |
| Stirrer-Bar\black PEEK\15x6 mm | | Stirrer-Bar\black PEEK\15x6 mm, for 2-mL O2k-Chamber, for specific optical applications to minimize optical interference. |
| Stirrer-Bar\white PVDF\15x6 mm | | Stirrer-Bar\white PVDF\15x6 mm, operated in the 2-mL Oroboros chamber at constant stirring speed (standard is 750 rpm, or 12.5 Hz), to provide optimum mixing of the sample in the aqueous medium and ensure a stable signal of the polarographic oxygen sensor (OroboPOS) placed in a position of maximum current of the medium. |
| Stopper sV\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port | | Stopper sV\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port: with conical shaft (with PTFE, graphite, carbon fiber) and one central capillary (1.0 mm diameter; 48.9 mm length), Volume-Calibration Ring sV (A or B) for volume adjustment 0.5 mL; 2 mounted O-rings (O-ring sV\Viton\9.5x1 mm). |
| Stopper-Needle | | Stopper-Needle: Short needle for bubble extrusion from port of the ISE-stopper. |
| Stopper-Spacer | | Stopper-Spacer (or gas spacer) to set the Oroboros Stopper into a standard position for a fixed gas phase above the aqueous phase in the 2-mL Oroboros chamber, during air calibration or for injection of nitrogen, argon or oxygen into the gas phase; Stopper-Spacer thickness of 4mm (a deviation of +/- 10% possible). |
| Stopper\black PEEK\angular Shaft\side+6.2+2.6 mm Port | | Stopper\black PEEK\angular Shaft\side+6.2+2.6 mm Port, for application with ISE; side titration port and two additional holes (6.2 mm and 2.6 mm); angular bottom; including Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B); 2 mounted O-rings, with 8 spare O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm). |
| Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port | | Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port: with conical shaft (with PTFE, graphite, carbon fiber) and one central capillary (1.3 mm diameter; 50.6 mm length), Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B) for volume adjustment 1.5 to 3.2 ml; 2 mounted O-rings, with 8 spare O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm). The black PEEK stoppers are required for optical Oroboros MultiSensor Modules. |
| Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port\peripheral 2.3 mm Port | | Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central+peripheral 2.3 mm Port: for potentiometric Oroboros MultiSensor applications (NO, H2S, H2O2); 1 additional port (2.3 mm); central titration port; conical bottom; including Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B); 2 mounted O-rings, with 8 spare O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm). |
| Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central+2.3+2.6 mm Port | | Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central+2.3+2.6 mm Port: for pH and reference electrode, central titration port and two additional ports (2.3 mm and 2.6 mm); conical bottom; including Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B), 2 mounted O-rings, with 8 spare O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm). |
| Syringe Collars | | Syringe Collars (package of 20) for Hamilton microsyringes: for correctly storing the microsyringes in the Syringe Racks. |
| Syringe Labels | | Syringe Labels: set of labels with standard abbreviations (see Manual titrations of SUIT chemicals). |
| Syringe Racks | | Syringe Racks: stainless steel; for proper placement of eight Hamilton microsyringes in HRR experiments; package of two (for a total of 16 microsyringes). |
| Syringe Storage Box | | Syringe Storage Box: for storing the Hamilton microsyringes; includes Syringe Labels. |
| Syringe\10 mL\Gas-Injection | | Syringe\10 mL\Gas-Injection, 10 mL, with spacer and stainless steel needle, flat tip, for gas injection into the Oroboros Chamber. 2 syringes are supplied with Oxia. |
| Syringe\500 mm3 51/0.41 mm | | Hamilton Syringe\500 mm3 51/0.41 mm for manual titrations, 500 mm3 volume; fixed needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.41 mm inner diameter; for injections of suspensions of isolated mitochondria and filling of the Microsyringe\200 mm3\TIP2k. |
| Syringe\60 mL\Gas-Injection | | Syringe\60 mL\Gas-Injection, 60 mL, with spacer and stainless steel needle, flat tip, for gas injection into the Oroboros chamber. |
| TIP2k Filter Papers | | TIP2k Filter Papers (package of 10) to be used for the stoppers during TIP2k titration for Instrumental oxygen background correction to avoid constant manual siphoning off of extruded liquid. |
| TIP2k-Module | | TIP2k-Module - Titration-Injection microPump (TIP2k) for two-channel operation with the O2k-FluoRespirometer with automatic control by DatLab of programmable titration regimes and feedback control (oxystat, pH-stat). |
| TIP2k-Needle Safety Support with cable guide | | TIP2k-Needle Safety Support with cable guide: for safe storage of TIP2k-needles and MultiSensor Modules cables when not required during the experiment. |
| TIP2k-Needle Spacer | | TIP2k-Needle Spacers for microinjection TIP2k needle, silicone stops (200/Pkg.) with mounting tool. |
| Titration-Injection microPump | | Titration-Injection microPump (TIP2k) for two-channel operation with the O2k with automatic control by DatLab of programmable titration regimes and feedback control (oxystat, pH-stat). |
| Tube Racks | | Tube Racks: stainless steel, accomodating four 50-ml tubes, for cleaning of microsyringes, cleaning and storage of stoppers during cleaning of the Oroboros chambers; package of two (for a total of eight tubes). |
| USB-Cable 2.0\Type A-B | | USB-Cable 2.0\Type A-B for connecting the Oroboros Main Unit (O2k-Series E upwards) to the USB port of a PC or laptop. |
| Uninterrupted power supply | UPS | A back-up power supply may be required to secure uninterrupted power supply. |
| V-ring\30-35-4.5 mm | |
V-ring\30-35-4.5 mm, mounted on O2k-Chamber Holder and O2k-Chamber Holder sV. |
| Viton | n.a. | Viton® is a fluoroelastomer with excellent resistance to aggressive fuels and chemicals. Viton is resistant against oxygen diffusion which makes it an ideal material for high-resolution respirometry (Viton O-rings). |
| Volume-Calibration Ring | | Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B) PVDF for O2k-Stoppers (2-mL Oroboros chamber), white; attached to the stoppers. |
| Volume-Calibration Ring sV | | Volume-Calibration Ring sV (A or B), white PVDF, attached to Oroboros PEEK Stopper sV. |
