Bioblast quiz

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The Bioblast quiz has been initiated by Ondrej Sobotka. 

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Exemplary quiz

Note: Questions in this exemplary quiz were used from a set of questions prepared for the MiPschool Tromso-Bergen 2018: The protonmotive force and respiratory control. 1. Coupling of electron transfer reactions to vectorial translocation of protons. 2. From Einstein’s diffusion equation on gradients to Fick’s law on compartments. - Gnaiger 2018 MiPschool Tromso A2

Only one correct answer.

1 Convert the molar format of the Gibbs force of reaction, Δ_kF_nO2 [kJ/mol], into the electrical format, Δ_kF_eO2 [V]. Which physicochemical constant is required?

constant

2 What is the meaning of the symbol z_O2?

	Alphabetical order of O2 isotope
	Charge number of O2 = 4
	Elementary charge of O2 in [C]
	Atomic number of O2 = 8

3 How are the units of electric energy [J] and electric force [V] related?

	V = (J·F)/C
	V = J/(C·F)
	V = J/C
	V = J·C

4 Express -460 kJ/mol O₂ as electrical force in units of volt [V].

	-1.2 V
	1.2 V
	- 1.2 kV
	- 120 V

5 Why should we do that?

	To get free drinks
	To feel insecure
	To express both in identical motive units [MU]
	To compliment our brain mitochondria

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Blue Book chapter 1: basic questions

1 The O2k-FluoRespirometer is primarily designed for which type of research?

	Quantification of mitochondrial DNA
	Glycolysis rate measurement
	Measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential only
	Comprehensive mitochondrial function assessment, including oxygen consumption

2 Peter Mitchell's chemiosmotic coupling theory places fundamental importance on what concept for bioenergetics?

	The role of cytochromes
	Bioblasts as the systematic unit
	Mitochondrial DNA's function
	The operation of ATP synthase

3 Which is NOT a parameter measured by integrating fluorometry into high-resolution respirometry?

	Mitochondrial membrane potential changes
	H2O2 production
	O2 consumption rates
	Glucose uptake rates

4 What components constitute the protonmotive force (pmF) essential for ATP synthesis in mitochondria?

	ΔΨ and solute concentration
	ΔΨ and ΔpH
	Only ΔΨ
	Only ΔpH

5 High-resolution respirometry (HRR) is primarily used for what purpose?

	Observing mitochondria physically
	pH measurement of the mitochondrial matrix
	Measuring cellular glucose concentration
	Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial respiration and function

6 Oxygen concentration impacts mitochondrial respiratory control by:

	Influencing exergonic and endergonic reactions in OXPHOS
	Having no significant impact on mitochondrial function
	Being inversely proportional to the rate of ATP synthesis
	Directly determining the rate of glycolysis

7 The statement that mitochondrial fitness "solely depends on the genetic makeup of the individual" is:

	Misleading, since mitochondrial fitness can be improved with supplements.
	True, genetics are the only factor.
	True, but only in the context of mitochondrial diseases.
	Incorrect, as lifestyle and environmental factors also significantly influence mitochondrial fitness.

8 What does the term "bioblasts" refer to in the context of mitochondrial physiology?

	A specific type of mitochondria found in muscle cells.
	The smallest units of DNA within mitochondria.
	Enzymes involved in the electron transport chain.
	Elementary units or microorganisms acting wherever living forces are present, essentially mitochondria.

9 Which of the following is NOT a direct measurement capability of the Oroboros-O2k?

	ATP production
	Calcium concentration
	Protein synthesis rates
	H2O2 production

10 What components constitute the protonmotive force (pmF) essential for ATP synthesis in mitochondria?

	ΔΨ and solute concentration
	ΔΨ (mitochondrial membrane potential) and ΔpH
	Only ΔΨ
	Only ΔpH

11 High-resolution respirometry (HRR) is primarily used for what purpose?

	pH measurement of the mitochondrial matrix
	Observing mitochondria physically
	Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial respiration and function
	Measuring cellular glucose concentration

12 Oxygen concentration impacts mitochondrial respiratory control by:

	Having no significant impact on mitochondrial function
	Being inversely proportional to the rate of ATP synthesis
	Influencing exergonic and endergonic reactions in OXPHOS
	Directly determining the rate of glycolysis

13 The "Q-junction" in mitochondrial respiratory control serves as:

	The location where glucose is converted into pyruvate
	The mitochondrial DNA replication site
	The site of ATP synthesis
	A convergence point for multiple electron transport pathways

14 SUIT protocols in mitochondrial research are designed to:

	Identify the best culture medium for mitochondrial growth
	Analyze the effects of substrates, uncouplers, and inhibitors on respiratory control
	Measure the physical size of mitochondria under different conditions
	Disrupt mitochondrial DNA and study its effects on respiration

15 NADH-linked substrates are used in physiological respiratory states to:

	Reflect the exclusive type of substrates used by mitochondria
	Demonstrate substrates irrelevant to mitochondrial physiology
	Represent substrates feeding electrons into the ETS, simulating physiological conditions
	Bypass the electron transport system

16 The primary purpose of integrating fluorometry with high-resolution respirometry is to:

	Allow for the observation of mitochondrial shape and size
	Decrease the time required for each measurement
	Increase the resolution of respirometry measurements alone
	Enable simultaneous measurement of oxygen consumption and other mitochondrial parameters

17 Which statement accurately describes the significance of LEAK respiration in the context of mitochondrial function?

	It denotes the respiration process exclusive to glycolytic cells.
	It indicates the rate of oxygen consumption for ATP synthesis.
	It represents the energy consumed to maintain ionic gradients in the absence of ATP synthesis.
	It is the maximum respiration rate achievable by mitochondria.

18 In mitochondrial research, the term "ET capacity" refers to:

	The ability of the endoplasmic reticulum to transfer proteins to mitochondria.
	The enzyme titration capacity in metabolic pathways.
	The maximum electron transport rate through the electron transport chain under optimal conditions.
	The capacity for energy transfer within the mitochondrion.

19 Which of the following is NOT a direct measurement capability of the Oroboros-O2k?

	Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production
	Calcium ion concentration in the mitochondrial matrix
	ATP production rates
	Mitochondrial DNA replication rates

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