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...systems at equilibrium and with differences in properties between various equilibrium states. It has nothing to do with time. Even so, it is one of the most powe

...the indicator electrode. If this is an ion-selective electrode which is in equilibrium with the solution, the measured electric potential difference is proportion

..."Oxidative stress" results from imbalance in this pro-oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium in favor of the pro-oxidants. A number of diseases are associated with oxid

...ions of solutes in solution, whereas the dissolved oxygen concentration at equilibrium with air, ''c''_O₂^*(aq), depends on ''S''<s ...is 30- to 40-fold higher in the gas phase compared to the aqueous phase in equilibrium with the gas phase. This explains why even a small gas bubble in an aqueous

...systems at equilibrium and with differences in properties between various equilibrium states. It has nothing to do with time. Even so, it is one of the most powe ...radical paradigm shift, it is warranted to replace the designation of non-equilibrium thermodynamics or TIP by the term ''ergodynamics''. In the footsteps of the

...d in units of chemical force [J·mol^-1]. In aqueous solutions at equilibrium with a gas phase, the partial O₂ pressures are equal in the aque

|abstract=The equilibrium vapor pressure, the heat of vaporization, the dielectric increment, and the

|title=Forstner H, Gnaiger E (1983) Calculation of equilibrium oxygen concentration. In: Gnaiger E, Forstner H (eds) Polarographic oxygen

...oenergetics textbooks. Integration of [[ergodynamics |open systems and non-equilibrium thermodynamic]] approaches remains a challenge for developing a common lang

...normal conditions, induce feedback reactions to restore the physiological equilibrium. If the stimulus is persistent, however, there can be an alteration of home

...etermined phylogenetic patterns of expression. Our data indicate that near-equilibrium enzymes, as well as classically defined rate-limiting enzymes, can also inf

...(mechanistically) coupled system at the limit of zero flow at ergodynamic equilibrium. The ergodynamic efficiency of coupling between ATP production (DT phosphor

...ussed in terms of the proton-motive force between two bulk phases, each in equilibrium. In active mitochondria, a steady proton flow cycles between pumps and the

...a result of various kinds of friction70. These ultimate slow approaches to equilibrium could never be mistaken for life, and we may disregard them here. ::::* It is by avoiding the rapid decay into the inert state of 'equilibrium', that an organism appears so enigmatic; so much so, that from the earliest

...M''_eq; the equilibrium constant equals the mass action ratio at equilibrium.

...a direct exchange between OH− and Pi, but not between OH− and malate. The equilibrium distribution of H2PO4− and OH− deviates from the Donnan distribution. T

.... Oxygen distributions in stratified lakes and departures from atmospheric equilibrium concentrations provide more information on lake characteristics and for wat

...g|right|frame|^cO2* is the oxygen concentration at thermodynamic equilibrium with air under standard conditions of 100 kPa barometric pressure. ''F''<su

|title=Van't Hoff JH (1901) Osmotic pressure and chemical equilibrium. Nobel Lecture December 13, 1901:5-10. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/ch

...nonequilibrium thermodynamic paradigm of flux/force linearity in the near-equilibrium region. ...d fluxes are linearly related to generalized pressures far beyond the near-equilibrium range, in contrast to the restricted range of approximate flux/force linear